by Matthew Holloway | Apr 1, 2025 | Economy, News
By Matthew Holloway |
Arizona State Senator JD Mesnard (R-LD13) is looking to reduce the size of government and the state income tax burden on Arizonans with dual bills: SB1318 and SCR1014. Both bills, which are moving through the House after passing the Senate in February, would require the Arizona Department of Revenue (ADOR) to reduce the individual income tax rate by 50% of the structural surplus for each Taxable Year (TY). If SB1318 passes the legisalture and is vetoed by Democrat Governor Katie Hobbs, SCR104 would put the issue on the Arizona ballot.
Both bills would require the Joint Legislative Budget Committee (JLBC) to determine the surplus for each Fiscal Year (FY), which would then be used to pro-actively reduce the income tax rate by 50% of the surplus amount, passing the tax savings onto the taxpayer more immediately than the issuance of a tax dividend.
Mesnard has a history of pursuing tax cuts. He was one of the lawmakers responsible for the historic 2021 tax reform that brought a flat income tax rate of 2.5% to individual taxpayers in Arizona. He also authored SB1783 the same year which lowered taxes on small businesses.
As reported by the AZ Capitol Times, Democrat Gov. Katie Hobbs expressed her opposition to SB1318, however should she veto it, the legislature would send SCR1014 to the Secretary of State, who would submit this proposition to the voters at the next election. Comparing the bill to the 1992 ‘TABOR’ or the Taxpayers Bill of Rights instituted by Colorado, Hobbs said, “I’m not interested in tying our hands like that. No. Not like TABOR. No. That’s not tax relief. That is tying the hands of future administrations.”
During hearings in February, Mesnard explained, “This is a proposal to essentially strike a balance. When you have a surplus, let’s split it between giving money to taxpayers and the other half allocating towards whatever you want.”
Democrat Sen. Brian Fernandez described the bill as an effort to “handcuff us so we can’t make decisions during a budget (negotiation).”
Mesnard responded, “So, ‘handcuff’; is an interesting choice of words. We can put parameters on ourselves. The voters put parameters on increasing taxes back in the 90s and also, more recently, when they’re on the ballot.”
Matthew Holloway is a senior reporter for AZ Free News. Follow him on X for his latest stories, or email tips to Matthew@azfreenews.com.
by Jonathan Eberle | Mar 24, 2025 | News
By Jonathan Eberle |
The Joint Legislative Budget Committee (JLBC), led by Representative David Livingston (R-28), convened on Thursday to address what it described as a financial mismanagement crisis within Governor Katie Hobbs’ administration. The focus of the meeting was the Department of Child Safety’s (DCS) Congregate Care program, which is reportedly facing imminent financial collapse.
The JLBC directed DCS to use existing funds within its budget to maintain services for vulnerable children without seeking additional taxpayer dollars. According to Chairman Livingston, Governor Hobbs’ approach to budgeting has resulted in repeated financial emergencies.
“Governor Hobbs’s repeated failures to manage the budget responsibly have pushed agencies into crisis after crisis. Her administration’s approach is to overspend, ignore reality, and then demand a last-minute bailout. That’s not leadership—that’s recklessness,” Livingston stated.
Republican legislators accused the Governor’s team of failing to disclose available federal funds that could have been used to stabilize the Congregate Care program. Instead, they said that those funds were redirected to a separate Kinship Support Services initiative that had not previously received state funding.
“That decision by the Governor is stunning,” Livingston said. “Instead of prioritizing the program on the brink of insolvency, she chose to send federal dollars elsewhere. This raises serious questions about her administration’s priorities and decision-making.”
Beyond the immediate concerns with DCS, lawmakers also raised alarms about the Developmental Disabilities (DDD) program, which they claim is on track to run out of funds by April. Speaker of the House Steve Montenegro announced the formation of a House Ad Hoc Committee on Executive Budget Mismanagement to investigate what Republicans see as a pattern of fiscal irresponsibility under Governor Hobbs’ administration.
“We care deeply about the children in DCS’ care. That’s why we acted quickly today,” Livingston stated. “The Legislature will not reward fiscal irresponsibility by throwing more taxpayer dollars at a crisis of the Governor’s making. Moving forward, the Governor must be more transparent and accountable about her agency budgets.”
The coming weeks will likely see further debate as lawmakers seek answers regarding the state’s financial outlook and agency funding priorities.
Jonathan Eberle is a reporter for AZ Free News. You can send him news tips using this link.
by Corinne Murdock | Nov 16, 2023 | Education, News
By Corinne Murdock |
On Tuesday, House lawmakers convened to discuss the impact of universal school choice in the state.
The House Ad Hoc Study Committee on Empowerment Scholarship Accounts (ESA) Governance and Oversight heard public comments and expert testimony from Alan Maguire, a consultant with the Maguire Company; Patrick Moran, a Joint Legislative Budget Committee (JLBC) staffer; and John Ward, executive director of the ESA Program at the Arizona Department of Education (ADE).
Maguire said that ESA recipient growth has slowed as the school year has gone on, which he said was typical. He expressed the expectation that almost no matter what happens, the ESA Program’s implications for the state budget would be significant but manageable.
“I don’t think [the changes] we’re facing as a result of changes in the ESA recipients will be that challenging; challenging, but not scary challenging,” said Maguire.
Moran, the JLBC staffer, addressed the K-12 financing issues related to student movement between district and charter schools and the ESA Program. The Arizona Department of Education has $11.8 billion, but public schools receive funds from the Basic State Aid (BSA) Formula, which has $9.7 billion.
The BSA Formula factors funding based on average daily membership (ADM) student counts: enrollment of full-time/fractional students for the first 100 days, minus withdrawals, wherein students must meet the minimum requirements for total instructional hours/courses to be counted. The unweighted student count for the 2024 fiscal year was about 1.1 million.
Then, the ADM is weighted based on several grouped statutory factors: Group A weights adjust for school size, location (whether urban or rural), and type (K-8 or high school); Group B weights adjust for specific student populations, such as special education, English learners, or K-3 reading programs. With these group weightings, the 2024 fiscal year count reached about 1.56 million.
The BSA Formula components within the enacted budget established a base funding level of $7.8 billion, additional assistance at $1.04 billion, and transportation at $213 million. Property taxes fund nearly $2.6 billion of the public school formula, which the state partially offsets with a homeowner’s rebate (50 percent in the 2024 fiscal year with a cap of $600).
The enacted budget projected that the ESA Program would cost $625 million for 68,000 enrollees. However, actual enrollment is currently at about 70,000, and the ADE reported that awards have reached $665 million — $40 million over what was assumed in the budget. Moran said that this didn’t necessarily qualify as a shortfall for the ADE because they lack the data on where those new ESA students hailed from.
“We can’t determine the impact of ‘switchers’ in real time, because we don’t know of those 70,000 how many were in public school in FY 2024 and FY 2023,” said Moran. “We also need to know how much formula funding those students were generating in the district or charter school they were previously attending to calculate that net impact.”
Moran said that the average student award was lower from the ESA Program than for public district schools.
“Based on the data that ADE has shared with us, we think the average ESA [award] across all populations original and universal would be about $9,700 [per student], so it would be lower than the $12,200 [for charter schools] and lower than the $14,000 figure [for districts],” said Moran.
State Rep. Judy Schweibert (D-LD02) stated that Arizona ranked 48th in the nation for public school funding, based on federal data. House Speaker Ben Toma (R-LD22), the committee chairman, rebutted that the federal rank may not be entirely accurate, arguing each state’s funding formula for schools was unique and therefore not an apples to apples comparison.
Ward with the ADE offered management and administration updates concerning the ESA Program. Ward reported that the program has grown to nearly 70,200 students from over 13,400 students last September just prior to universalization. He projected that the ESA Program may reach anywhere from 90,000 to 100,000 students by the beginning of the next school year.
Ward projected that ESA awards may reach about $780 million by the end of the 2024 fiscal year. He dismissed concerns that the awards would bankrupt the state, reporting that even at that total the program would have a $57 million surplus in BSA.
Ward touched back on Moran’s assessment that public school student allocations were higher than ESA student allocations: $13,400 for public school students in the 2022 fiscal year versus $9,800 for ESA students in the 2024 fiscal year.
He reported that of the over 15,000 applications reviewed, several thousand were dismissed as incomplete. Additionally, almost 2,200 ESA accounts were suspended because of records indicating they were still enrolled in public school; their annual awards totaled over $21 million.
The ADE will be automating some of its processes going forward concerning purchase approvals and enrollment. ADE has partnered with ClassWallet to curate the catalogs of vendors on the marketplace and establish a rules engine, as well as to deploy directpay, reimbursement, and debit card auto approval through scanning technology and another rules engine.
Additionally, the ADE plans to improve data transparency by publishing a data dashboard. Types of data will include the number of ESA participants by eligibility type, grade level, gender, age, zip code, and county; number of students previously in a public school; number of applications coming in weekly and monthly; and average and median award amounts.
State Rep. Nancy Gutierrez (D-LD18) asked whether the surge in ESA Program popularity had to do with private school families. Moran said that 40 percent of ESA students came from public schools this fiscal year (2024), an increase from the last fiscal year (2023) prior to universalization.
Corinne Murdock is a reporter for AZ Free News. Follow her latest on Twitter, or email tips to corinne@azfreenews.com.
by azfreenews1 | Jun 16, 2021 | Opinion
By the Free Enterprise Club |
Republicans in the Arizona legislature are on the cusp of passing significant tax relief for hardworking families and small business. With historic levels of surplus cash sitting in the state coffers (over $4 billion for FY 2022 alone), returning this money to taxpayers makes sense. In fact, it would have already happened if not for two lone holdouts within the Republican caucus, claiming the $1.9B tax cut is just “too big.”
Are they right? Should the size of the tax package be reduced to avoid a funding cliff in the future?
For an answer to this criticism, it makes sense to examine current revenue projections being provided by the Joint Legislative Budget Committee (JLBC). For years JLBC has been relied upon as an independent source for revenue and budget projections by the state legislature. JLBC has never been accused of partisanship or of “cooking the books” to produce rosy budget scenarios. If anything, they have historically been too conservative in their figures, often because they don’t use dynamic modeling for their growth projections.
With this in mind, JLBC is projecting that by FY2024, baseline revenue for the state will be over $14.5 billion, a figure that has been growing with each month. For perspective, legislators were budgeting just shy of $11.1 billion in ongoing revenue prior to the pandemic—meaning that Arizona is expected to see a 31% increase in state revenue in four years.
Where is all this new revenue coming from? While a portion of this surplus is expected from economic growth, that is not the only source. Much of this new revenue is from a series of tax increases that continued to be ignored by opponents of the budget.
Remember the “monumental” new gaming compact Ducey signed in April—the one allowing for sports and fantasy sports betting? That is projected to rake in $300 million of new revenue annually by FY2024.
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