By Staff Reporter |
The Phoenix Police Department (PPD) is considering multiple policy revisions on reduced uses of force.
In all, PPD will act on five policies impacting the usage of spit socks, handheld irritants (oleoresin capsicum and Mark-9 canister sprays, which are pepper sprays, and the MK-3 Repuls Spray, a chemical spray), Tasers, impact weapons (expandable batons), and less lethal launchers (PepperBall launchers, 40mm Launcher, 37mm Launcher).
PPD says its goals in modifying these reduced use of force policies are to ensure trained officers deploy these tools, and that officers modify their use of these tools when faced with certain medical aid considerations.
Spit socks won’t be applied to individuals actively vomiting, exhibiting signs of medical distress, or having had direct or indirect contact with pepper spray. Officers may only apply one spit sock at a time to an individual, and only when two or more officers are present.
The updated policy on handheld irritants also prohibits officers from using pepper spray within three feet, and recommends against deploying chemical spray directly into the eyes. It also requires the immediate handcuffing of the individual sprayed.
Police Assistants (PAs) may carry pepper spray, since they lack authorization to arrest or restrain individuals. PAs aren’t sworn police officers; they handle calls for service not requiring the presence of sworn police officers.
As for the updated policy on Tasers, officers may not use them on females known to be pregnant or visibly pregnant, the elderly, juveniles, handcuffed arrestees, and very thin individuals.
The policy would also set limits on ranges of deployment, and the preferred targets.
Similarly, PPD set forth targeting and distance guidelines for less lethal launchers. The various launchers also come with their own restrictions on which officers may use them based on training.
Impact weapons (batons) would be carried at officer discretion and carrying officers must be trained.
The deadline for public input and comments is Friday, Oct. 31.
Earlier this year, PPD implemented a new use of force policy which contained similar, controversial adjectives — “necessary” and “proportional” — as these proposed policies.
Law enforcement experts questioned the vagueness and ambiguity of the descriptors in policy meant to empower officers to action. The word “reasonable” was traditionally relied upon, which critics say was more than enough.
These developments are the latest progression of PPD’s “less-than-lethal” program, which rolled out in 2021 across two precincts. The initial tools used were the 40mm launcher and pepper ball systems.
By 2022, PPD rolled out the program to all city precincts, launched new deescalation training modules, and revised its use of force policy to include the additives of “necessary” and “proportional” to “reasonable,” as well as the duties to intervene and provide medical assistance.
Additionally, PPD launched a pilot program for use of force investigations and evaluations.
In 2023, PPD expanded the less-than-lethal program to include 400 new tools and additional training.
Even with these efforts to revert to alternative weapons and deterrents for use of force, some fatalities have occurred. In January, PPD shot hard plastic projectiles at a wanted felon, Turrell Clay, who was evading police on a roof and had been armed. Clay came down off the roof after being shot by the less-than-lethal projectiles several times; he later died at the hospital during surgery after complaining of chest pains.
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